Machu Picchu is situated on a mountain ridge above the Sacred Valley which is 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Cuzco and through which the Urubamba River flows. Most archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was built as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti around 1450. Often mistakenly referred to as the “Lost City of the Incas”, it is the most familiar icon of Inca civilization.
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